Wendt E. et al.
Globally, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution is a leading contributor to death, disease, and environmental degradation. Satellite-based measurements of aerosol optical depth (AOD) are used to estimate PM2.5 concentrations across the world, but the relationship between satellite-estimated AOD and ground-level PM2.5 is uncertain. Sun photometers measure AOD from the Earth’s surface and are often used to improve satellite data; however, reference-grade photometers and PM2.5 monitors are expensive and rarely co-located. This work presents the development and validation of the aerosol mass and optical depth (AMOD) sampler, an inexpensive and compact device that simultaneously measures PM2.5 mass and AOD…
Walker E. et al.
Household air pollution emitted from solid-fuel cookstoves used for domestic cooking is a leading risk factor for morbidity and premature mortality globally. There have been attempts to design and distribute lower emission cookstoves, yet it is unclear if they meaningfully improve health. Using a crossover design, we assessed differences in central aortic hemodynamics and arterial stiffness following controlled exposures to air pollution emitted from five different cookstove technologies compared to a filtered air control…
Tryner J. et al.
Abstract: Many portable monitors for quantifying mass concentrations of particulate matter air pollution rely on aerosol light scattering as the measurement method; however, the relationship between scattered light (what is measured) and aerosol mass concentration (the metric of interest) is a complex function of the refractive index, size distribution, and shape of the particles. In this study, we compared 33-h personal PM2.5 concentrations measured simultaneously using nephelometry (personal DataRAM pDR-1200) and gravimetric filter sampling for working adults (44 participants, 249 samples). Nephelometer- and filter-derived 33-h average PM2.5 concentrations were correlated…
Young B. et al.
Abstract: Household air pollution (HAP) is estimated to be an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but little clinical evidence exists and collecting biomarkers of disease risk is difficult in low‐resource settings. Among 54 Nicaraguan women with wood‐burning cookstoves, we evaluated cross‐sectional associations between 48‐hour measures of HAP (e.g., fine particulate matter, PM2.5) and C‐reactive protein (CRP) via dried blood spots; secondary analyses included seven additional systemic injury and inflammatory biomarkers. We conducted sub‐studies to calculate the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) in biomarkers collected over four consecutive days in…
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